子宫动脉栓塞术是什么?——子宫动脉栓塞(也称为“UAE”)是子宫肌瘤的一种治疗方式。子宫是女性生殖器官,是孕育胎儿的场所。子宫肌瘤是子宫平滑肌和结缔组织异常增生的组织形式。
Whatisuterinearteryembolization?—Uterinearteryembolization(alsocalled“UAE”)isatreatmentforfibroids.Fibroidsareabnormalgrowthsoftissuethatformintheuterus,thepartofthewoman’sbodythatholdsthebabyifsheispregnant.
UAE也被称为“子宫肌瘤栓塞。“它通过阻断肌瘤供血的血管,使其缩小。是治疗子宫肌瘤的方法之一。
UAEisalsocalled“uterinefibroidembolization.”Itworksbyblockingthebloodvesselsthatsupplybloodtofibroids,causingthemtoshrink.Itisoneofseveralwaysdoctorstreatfibroids.
为什么做UAE?
为什么做UAE?——UAE有助于缓解因子宫肌瘤引起的严重的子宫出血和下腹部不适。与手术治疗肌瘤相比,UAE:
●花更少的时间
●腹部不需要任何切口
●恢复时间短
WhymightawomangetUAE?—UAEhelpseasetheheavybleedingandlowerbellypressurecausedbyfibroids.Comparedwithsurgerytotreatfibroids,UAE:
●Hasashorterrecoverytime
●Takeslesstime
●Doesnotrequireanycuts(incisions)inthebelly
UAE的缺点是什么?
UAE的缺点是什么?——与做手术相比,接受UAE治疗的女性患者很有可能因严重出血需再次手术。
WhatarethedownsidesofUAE?—Comparedwithwomentreatedwithsurgery,womentreatedwithUAEaremorelikelytoneedasecondsurgerytocontrolheavybleeding.
某些类型的肌瘤并不适用UAE。同时,有生育要求的女性不主张行UAE治疗。你的医生可以帮助你决定UAE治疗是否适用于你的病情。
UAEdoesnotworkwelloncertaintypesoffibroids.Also,womenwhowanttogetpregnantinthefutureshouldnothaveUAE.YourdoctorcanhelpyoudecideifUAEisrightforyou.
UAE治疗时会发生什么呢?
UAE治疗时会发生什么呢?——如果你进行UAE治疗,你需要住院。治疗时使用药物(“麻醉”)来阻断下半身的疼痛感觉,让你感觉轻松。这个过程中你会保持清醒。
WhathappensduringUAE?—IfyouarehavingUAE,youwillbetreatedinahospital.Youwillgetmedicines(called“anesthesia”)toblockpaininthelowerhalfofyourbodyandtomakeyoufeelrelaxed.Butyouwillstayawake.
医生将一个细管(“导管”)经大腿根部股动脉插入,然后到达子宫动脉,通过X射线可以显示供应子宫肌瘤的动脉,当到达设定位置时,医生会推注一定大小,一定量的栓塞颗粒将子宫肌瘤供血血管及正常子宫动脉分支的一定末梢血管栓塞(见图)。之后,医生会在另一边重复相同的步骤。这个过程大约需要1小时。医院观察1天,护士会监测检查,需要时给予止痛药物。
Thedoctorwilltheninsertathintube(calleda“catheter”)intothearteryatthetopofonelegandadvanceituptoyouruterus.Withthetubeinplace,thedoctorwillinjectaspecialdyethatcanbeseenonX-raystoshowthearteriesthatbringbloodtothefibroid.Next,thedoctorwillinjecttinyplasticbeadsintothearterytoblockthebloodflowtothefibroid(figure1).Afterward,thedoctorwillrepeatthesamestepsontheotherside.Theproceduretakesabout1hour.Youwilllikelystayinthehospitalovernight,wherenursescancheckyouandgiveyoupainmedicines.
UAE后会发生什么?
UAE后会发生什么?——大多数女性患者行UAE后会有腹部疼痛和痉挛。这些症状通常在术后2天比较明显,可以持续7天。一些女性在UAE术后会有阴道出血持续2周。有时,出血会持续好几个月。
一些女性也:
●胃里不舒服(恶心)
●呕吐(呕吐)
●发热
●感到疲倦和疼痛
WhathappensafterUAE?—Mostwomenhavelowerbellypainandcrampingaftertheprocedure.Thesesymptomsareusuallyworstthefirst2daysaftertheprocedureandcanlastupto7days.Somewomenhavedischargeorbleedingfromthevaginafor2weeksafterUAE.Sometimes,thebleedinglastsformonths.
Somewomenalso:
●Feelsicktotheirstomach(nausea)
●Throwup(vomit)
●Haveafever
●Feeltiredandachy
如果你有这些症状,你的医生会开一些止痛药和其他药物治疗
Ifyouhavethesesymptoms,yourdoctorcanprescribepainrelieversandothermedicinestotreatthem.
在UAE术后随后1年,需要多次随访检查。
Youshouldseeyourdoctorforseveralfollow-upvisitsduringthefirstyeartocheckthattheprocedureworked.
如果我想怀孕呢?
如果我想怀孕呢?——UAE后可以怀孕。但是UAE之后,对母亲或胎儿来说,增加不安全因素。因此,医生不建议想要怀孕的女性行UAE治疗。医生建议女性患者在UAE术后避孕。
WhatifIwanttogetpregnant?—ItispossibletogetpregnantafterUAE.ButafterUAE,pregnancymightnotbesafeforeitherthemotherorthebaby.Becauseofthis,doctorsadvisewomenwhowanttogetpregnantNOTtohavethisprocedure.Theyalsoadvisewomentousebirthcontrolaftertheproceduretoavoidpregnancy.
(本文翻译作者:陈丽医院)